diff --git a/backend/app/__pycache__/alipay_provider.cpython-313.pyc b/backend/app/__pycache__/alipay_provider.cpython-313.pyc
index dbbec3e..fad1e2e 100644
Binary files a/backend/app/__pycache__/alipay_provider.cpython-313.pyc and b/backend/app/__pycache__/alipay_provider.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/backend/app/alipay_provider.py b/backend/app/alipay_provider.py
index 5ff753a..85758ae 100644
--- a/backend/app/alipay_provider.py
+++ b/backend/app/alipay_provider.py
@@ -7,12 +7,16 @@ mode do not require credentials or network access.
 from decimal import Decimal
 import hashlib
 import json
+import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 import re
 
 from .config import settings
 
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
 class AlipayTransferError(RuntimeError):
     def __init__(self, message: str, code: str = "", ambiguous: bool = False):
         super().__init__(message)
@@ -49,6 +53,11 @@ def validate_configuration() -> None:
             raise AlipayTransferError("应用公钥证书与应用私钥不匹配")
     else:
         _sdk_key(_read_key(settings.alipay_public_key_path, "支付宝公钥"), private=False)
+    logger.info(
+        "Alipay provider configuration validated: scene=%s certificate_mode=%s transfer_scene_report_schema=佣金报酬说明",
+        settings.alipay_transfer_scene_name,
+        _certificate_mode_enabled(),
+    )
 
 
 def _certificate_mode_enabled() -> bool:
@@ -278,6 +287,18 @@ def transfer(*, out_biz_no: str, amount_fen: int, account: str, payee_name: str,
     payee.identity_type = "ALIPAY_LOGON_ID"
     payee.name = payee_name
     model.payee_info = payee
+    # Keep a deploy-time diagnostic in the server log without exposing the
+    # recipient account, name, private key, or certificate data. This makes
+    # it possible to distinguish an old server build from an Alipay rejection.
+    logger.info(
+        "Alipay transfer request prepared: scene=%s info_type=%s info_content=%s amount=%s biz_scene=%s product_code=%s",
+        model.transfer_scene_name,
+        reward_description.info_type,
+        reward_description.info_content,
+        model.trans_amount,
+        model.biz_scene,
+        model.product_code,
+    )
     try:
         request = AlipayFundTransUniTransferRequest(biz_model=model)
         if settings.alipay_notify_url:
@@ -290,7 +311,13 @@ def transfer(*, out_biz_no: str, amount_fen: int, account: str, payee_name: str,
             raise
         provider_error = _provider_error_from_exception(exc)
         if provider_error:
+            logger.error(
+                "Alipay transfer rejected: code=%s message=%s",
+                provider_error.code,
+                provider_error,
+            )
             raise provider_error from exc
+        logger.exception("Alipay transfer request failed without a structured provider response")
         raise AlipayTransferError(f"支付宝转账请求失败：{exc}", ambiguous=True) from exc
     return {
         "out_biz_no": response.out_biz_no or out_biz_no,